Building-block.



No. 858,988. PATLNTLD JULY 2, 19o?.

J..L.JUDGB. BUILDING BLOCK. APPLICATION FILED PB B. 25, 1907.

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5 f I w 7 i6 g' 2%@ www@ www PATENTED JULY 2, 1907.

J. L. JUDGE. BUILDING BLGK.`

APPLIOATION FILED 11313.25, 1907.

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` certain practical advantages in usc.

NTE S AYES JOHN L. JUDGE, Ol" NEW YORK, N. Y.

BUILDING-BLOCK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 2, 1907.

Application filed February 25,1907. Serial No. 359,270.

To all whom 'it muy concern:

Be it known that l, .TonN L. JUDGE, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of New York, borough of Queens, county of Queens, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful lmprovements in Building-Blocks, of which the following is a specification. The invention is designed to attain a simple structure of building block adapted to be conveniently and economically manufactured by machine, and affording Thus provision is made for damming the mortar in such manner as to embed the horizontal bearing surfaces therein, thereby insuring a water tight seal at the horizontal'joints, while a like result is attained in so far as the transverse or vertical joints are concerned by the use of lap tiles fitting within the abutting ends of the adjoining blocks, substantially as hereinafter set forth.

The invention consists in the construction and arrangement of parts hereinafter described and claimed specifically. 4 I

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l, is an isometrical perspective of a portion of a wall viewed externally, illustrating the use of my improved blocks and lap tiles; Fig. 2, is an isometrical view of one of my building blocks looking toward the outer surface` thereof; Fig. 3, is an isometrical view of one of the lap tiles; Fig. 4, is a central vertical longitudinal section of a portion of the Wall shown in Fig. l; Fig. 5, is a transverse section of the wall taken upon plane of line 5-5-Fig- 4; Fig. 6, is a transverse section of the wall taken upon plane of line G-G--Fig 4.; Fig. 7', is'an isometrical view of one of my building blocks, looking vat the inner side thereof; Fig. 8, is an isometrical view illustrating the use of my blocks and lap tiles as facing for brick work; Fig. 9, a transverse section of Fig. 8;

Fig. 10, is an isometrical view partly in section, illustrating the use of my building blocks and lap tiles as a facing for concrete or the like; Fig. 1l, is a transverse section of Fig. 10; Fig. 12, a sectional view upon an enlarged scale illustrating the use of the dam shoulders. v

The blocks B, of elongated rectangular form in general outline, are each formed with a plain outer side, or face 1, and with the parallel surface 2, on the opposite or inner side of the block. A lateral recess 3 is formed in this inner side of the block extending from the surface 2 into the longitudinal groove 4.

The longitudinal groove 4 extends to and through both ends 5, 5, of the block, and is preferably though not necessarily semi-circular as related to the cross secy tion of the block B, and of such width as to create relatively narrow parallel bearing surfaces 6, 6, on either side ofthe groove '4. This longitudinal groove 4, is also by preference of greater depth than the lateral recess 3, for the purpose hereinafter set forth.

l On the side 7 of the block B opposite to that in which the groove 4 is formed, are longitudinal parallel shoulders 8, 8, which bound the inner edges of the bearing surfaces 9, 9, which latter are relatively wider than the bearing surfaces 6 6, on the opposite side of the block B. These longitudinal parallel shoulders 8, S, perform a double function in that they not only act as dams to 'hold back the mortarl (m, as illustrated in'Fig. l2) against the narrower vbearing edges 6, thereby positively and effectually sealing the joint between said narrower bearing surfaces 6 and the opposed wider bearing surfaces 9 on the adjoining block, but they` also centralise and support laterally the lap tiles L, which are made of a thickness equal approximately to the difference in widthbetween the narrower bearing surfaces 6 and the wider bearing surfaces 9. In other words, the longitudinal dam shoulders'8, cause the narrower bearing surfaces 6 to be embedded in' the mortar in such manner as to insure a water tight seal, and they also lock the lap tiles L, and hence the.

blocks B, against lateral play orirregularity in position, thus insuring the perfect alinement of all the parts.

The lap tiles L conform in shape to, and fit within, the groove 4 of the blocks, and are so vplaced that the abutting ends of adjoining blocks over-lap the'tiles L, uthereby closing the slight vertical spaces lbetween the opposed ends of the tiles, and affording a perfectly tight lateral joint since the intervening mortar will form, in cross section, an inverted .lshaped rectangular seal bet'ween the opposed surfaces of the en ds of the blocks and the convex surfaces of the lap tiles, as will be readily understood by reference .to Fig. 14, and

as shown thereinby way of illustration by the thick-` ened lines at the joint marked a.

When my blocks are used as a facing for either brick VWork as shown in Figs. 8 and 9, or for concrete, as shown in Figs. 10 and 1l, the lateral recess 3 is utilized in effecting an interlocking of the parts,-the union being attained in the first case by extending the brick work into the blocks through the said lateral recesses 3, and in the second case by causing the concrete to protrude into the blocks through the said lateral openings 3.' In the latter case the blocks-B are preferably Y reversed in position, with their grooved sides upward,

as shown in Figs. 1() andvll, in which case the differ-Y i ence between the depth of the recesses 3 and the depth of the grooves 4 aids in the interlocking of the parts, since the portions of concrete within the channels,

when set, are locked therein by the edges of the reilol the block from-'one end face 5 to the other face 5' for the purpose of' facilitating drying and burningand to lighten the block. i

It will thus be seen that my buildingl blocks and lap'tiles7 While simple in form and structure, are fully' adapted to the various requirements and conditions of actual use, and also .that perfect, water tight seals between joints are insured.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is,

1. rBhe combination of a building block of the characterdesignated, formed on one side with a groove extending through it from one end face to the other with parallel bearing surfaces on each side of said groove, said block being formed on the opposite side with parallel bearing surfaces of greater width than 'those on' the side ofthe block first mentioned, and with parallel damshoulders bounding the inner edges of said broader bearing surfaces, and a lap tile fitting the groove in the block, said lap tile being of a thickness approximately equal (less the thick-v ness of the mortar seal) to the difference in width between vsaidvparallel bearing surfaces on the opposite sides of Y, bearing surfaces of gi'eate1-wdth than those on the side of the block first mentioned and with parallel dam shoulders bounding the inner edgesA of said broadenbearing surfaces, and u semi-circular lap tile fitting the semi-cir cular groove in the block, said semi-circular lap tile being of a thickness equal approximately (less th'e thickness of the mortar seal) to the difference in width between the said parallel bearing surfaces on the opposite side of the block, for the purpose described. i

'3. A building block of the character designated, formed on one side with a groove extending through it from one face to the other with parallel bearing surfaces on each side of the groove and with a lateral opening extending through the edge of one side wall of the groove, said block being also formed on the side opposite to that first ineni'ioned with parallel bearing surfaces of greater width than those first mentioned, with parallel dam shoulders bordering the inner edges of said broader bearing surfaces and a lap tile fitting the groove in the block, said lap tile beingl of `a thickness approximately equal (less the thickness of the mortar seal) to the difference in Width between the parallel bearing surfaces on the said opposite sides of the block, for the purpose described.

A4. A building block of the character designated, formed on one side with a longitudinal groove extending through it from one end face to the other with parallel bearing surfaces on each side of said groove and with a lateral opening into said groove through one side wall of the -block, said block being also formed on the side opposite that first mentioned with parallel bearing surfaces of greater width than those on the said first mentioned side and with parallel dam shoulders bounding the inner edges, of said broader bearing surfaces, and a lap tile fitting the longitudinal groove in the block, said lap tile being of a thickness approximately equal (less the thickness of the mortar seal) `to the differencev in width between said parallel bearing surfaces on the opposite sides of the block, for the purpose described.

5. A building block ofthe character designated, formed on one side with a groove extending through it from one face to the other with parallel bearing surfaces on each side of the groove and with a lateral opening of less depth than said groove, extending through the edge of one side wall of the groove, said block being also formed on the side opposite to that first mentioned with parallel bearing surfaces of greater width than those rst mentioned, with parallel dam shoulders bordering the inner edges of said broader bearing surfaces, and a lap tile fitting the groove in the block` said lap tile being of a thickness approximately equal (less the thickness of the mortar seal) to the diderence in width between the 'parallel bearing surfaces on the said opposite sides of the block, for the purpose described.

6. A building block of the character designated, formed on one side with a longitudinal semi-circular groove extending through it from one face to the other with parallel bearing surfaces on each side' of the groove and with a lateral` openingexfending through the edge of one side wall of the groove, said block being'also formed on the side'opposite to that first mcntionediwith parallel bearing surfaces of greater' width than those first mentioned. with parallel dam shoulders bordering the inner edges of said broader bearing surfaces and a semicircular lap tile fitting the said longitudinal semi-circular groove in the block, 4said lap tile being ofv a thickness approximately equal (less thc thickness of the mortar seul) to the dif ference in width between 'the parallel bearing surfaces on the said opposite sides of scribed.

7. A building block of the character designated formed on one side` with a longitudinal semi-circular groove extending through it from'one end face to the other with parallel bearing surfaces on'each side of said semi-circular groove, and with a lateral opening into said semi-circular groove through one side wall of the block, said block being also formed on the side opposite that first'mentloned with parallel bearing surfaces of greater width than those on said first mentioned side, and with parallel dam shoulders bounding the inner edges of said broader bearing surfaces, in combination with a lap tile fitting said semi-circular groove in the block said lap tile' being!l of a thickness approximately equal (less the thickness of the mortar seal) the block, for the purpose deto the didorence in width between said parallel bearing` surfaces on the said opposed sides of the block, for the purpose described.

JOHN L. JUDGE. Witnesses:

D. W. GARDNER, Guo.' WM. MIATT. 

